In computer games, one or more groups of units need to
move from one location to another as quickly as possible. If there is only
one group, then it can be solved efficiently as a dynamic flow problem.
If there are several groups with different origins and destinations, then
the problem becomes NP-hard. In current games, these problems are
solved by using greedy ad hoc rules, leading to long traversal times or
congestions and deadlocks near narrow passages. We present a centralized
optimization approach based on Integer Linear Programming. Our
solution provides an efficient heuristic to minimize the average and latest
arrival time of the units.
Reference
Marjan van den Akker, Roland Geraerts, Han Hoogeveen, and Corien Prins.
Path Planning for Groups using Column Generation.
In The Third International Conference on Motion in Games, Springer Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS) 6459, pp. 94-105, 2010.
Full text: [pdf] | Presentation [ppt]
Multi-unit pathfinding: a screenshot from 'Cossacks: Back To War'.
The need for the proposed technique is demonstrated in the following movie.