explanation blue bibcodes open ADS page with paths to full text
Author name code: mount
ADS astronomy entries on 2022-09-14
author:"Mount, George"
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Ozone monitoring instrument flight-model on-ground and
inflight calibration
Authors: Dobber, Marcel; Dirksen, Ruud; Levelt, Pieternel F.; van den
Oord, Gijsbertus; Jaross, Glen; Kowalewski, Matt; Mount, George H.;
Heath, Donald; Hilsenrath, Ernest; Cebula, Richard
2017SPIE10568E..0CD Altcode:
The Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) is an ultravioletvisible imaging
spectrograph that uses two-dimensional CCD detectors to register both
the spectrum and the swath perpendicular to the flight direction. This
allows having a 114 degrees wide swath combined with an unprecedented
small ground pixel (nominally 13 x 24 km<SUP>2</SUP>), which in turn
enables global daily ground coverage with high spatial resolution. The
OMI instrument is part of NASA's EOSAURA satellite, which will be
launched in the second half of 2004. The on-ground calibration of the
instrument was performed in 2002. This paper presents and discusses
results for a number of selected topics from the on-ground calibration:
the radiometric calibration, the spectral calibration and spectral
slit function calibration. A new method for accurately calibrating
spectral slit functions, based on an echelle grating optical stimulus,
is discussed. The in-flight calibration and trend monitoring approach
and facilities are discussed.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Status of the Geostationary Spectrograph (GeoSpec) for Earth
and Atmospheric Science Applications
Authors: Janz, S. J.; Hilsenrath, E.; Mount, G.; Brune, W.; Heath, D.
2004AGUFMSF43A0772J Altcode:
GeoSpec will support future satellite mission concepts in the
Atmospheric Sciences and in Land and Ocean Sciences by providing
time-resolved measurements of both chemically linked atmospheric trace
gas concentrations of important molecules such as O3, NO2, CH2O and
SO2 and at the same time coastal and ocean pollution events, tidal
effects, and the origin and evolution of aerosol plumes. The instrument
design concept in development is a dual spectrograph covering the
UV/VIS wavelength region of 310-500 nm and the VIS/NIR wavelength
region of 480-940 nm coupled to all reflective telescope and high
sensitivity PIN/CMOS area detectors. The goal of the project is to
demonstrate a system capable of making moderate spatial resolution
(1 km at nadir) hyperspectral measurements (1.0 to 1.5 nm resolution)
from a geostationary orbit. This will enable studies of time-varying
pollution and coastal change processes with a temporal resolution of
15 minutes on a regional scale to 1 hour on a continental scale. Other
spatial and temporal resolutions can be supported by varying the focal
length of the input telescope and scanning strategies. Scientific
rationale and instrument design and status will be presented.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Ozone Monitoring Instrument flight-model on-ground and
in-flight calibration
Authors: Dobber, Marcel; Dirksen, Ruud; Levelt, Pieternel F.; van den
Oord, Gijsbertus; Jaross, Glen; Kowalewski, Matt; Mount, George H.;
Heath, Donald; Hilsenrath, Ernest; Cebula, Richard
2004ESASP.554...89D Altcode: 2004icso.conf...89D
The Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) is an ultraviolet-visible imaging
spectrograph that uses two-dimensional CCD detectors to register both
the spectrum and the swath perpendicular to the flight direction. This
allows having a 114 degrees wide swath combined with an unprecedented
small ground pixel (nominally 13×24 km<SUP>2</SUP>), which in turn
enables global daily ground coverage with high spatial resolution. The
OMI instrument is part of NASA's EOS-AURA satellite, which will be
launched in the second half of 2004. The on-ground calibration of the
instrument was performed in 2002. This paper presents and discusses
results for a number of selected topics from the on-ground calibration:
the radiometric calibration, the spectral calibration and spectral
slit function calibration. A new method for accurately calibrating
spectral slit functions, based on an echelle grating optical stimulus,
is discussed. The in-flight calibration and trend monitoring approach
and facilities are discussed.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Status of the geostationary spectrograph (GeoSpec) for earth
and atmospheric science applications
Authors: Janz, S.; Hilsenrath, E.; Mount, G.; Brune, W.; Heath, D.
2004cosp...35.4385J Altcode: 2004cosp.meet.4385J
GeoSpec will support future satellite mission concepts in the
Atmospheric Sciences and in Land and Ocean Sciences by providing
time-resolved measurements of both chemically linked atmospheric trace
gas concentrations of important molecules such as O_3, NO_2, CH_2O
and SO_2 and at the same time coastal and ocean pollution events,
tidal effects, and the origin and evolution of aerosol plumes. The
instrument design concept in development is a dual spectrograph
covering the UV/VIS wavelength region of 310-500 nm and the VIS/NIR
wavelength region of 480-900 nm coupled to all reflective telescope and
high sensitivity PIN/CMOS area detector. The goal of the project is to
demonstrate a system capable of making moderate spatial resolution (750
meters at nadir) hyperspectral measurements (0.6 to 1.2 nm resolution)
from a geostationary orbit. This would enable studies of time-varying
pollution and coastal change processes with a temporal resolution of
5 minutes on a regional scale to 1 hour on a continental scale. Other
spatial resolutions can be supported by varying the focal length of
the input telescope. Scientific rationale and instrument design and
status will be presented.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Middle Atmosphere High Resolution Spectrograph Investigation
Authors: Conway, Robert R.; Stevens, Michael H.; Brown, Charles M.;
Cardon, Joel G.; Zasadil, Scott E.; Mount, George H.
1999JGR...10416327C Altcode:
The Middle Atmosphere High Resolution Spectrograph Investigation
(MAHRSI) was developed specifically to measure the vertical density
profiles of hydroxyl (OH) and nitric oxide (NO) in the middle
atmosphere from space. MAHRSI was launched on its first flight in
November 1994 on the CRISTA-SPAS satellite that was deployed and
retrieved by the space shuttle. The instrument measured the radiance
profiles of ultraviolet solar resonance fluorescence on the Earth's
limb with a spectral resolving power of 15,600 at a wavelength of
308 nm and 7200 at 215 nm. The instantaneous height of the field of
view projected to the tangent point was about 300 m. OH limb radiance
measurements were made between altitudes of 90 and 30 km, and each
limb scan extended over a horizontal distance of 1200 km. For NO a limb
scan extended between altitudes of 140 and 76 km and over a horizontal
distance 700 km. Observations were made from 52°S latitude to 62°N
latitude. The OH measurements have been inverted to provide the first
global maps of the vertical distribution of OH between 90 and 50 km. The
data show a detailed history of the morning formation of a strongly
peaked layer of OH at an altitude of 68 km. This layer was produced
by solar photodissociation of a thin layer of water vapor peaked at
65 km extending between 30°S and 35°N observed contemporaneously
by the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) on the Upper Atmosphere
Research Satellite. MAHRSI was successfully flown for a second time in
August 1997 under conditions that extended the geographical coverage
to 72°N latitude and local solar time coverage through the afternoon
hours. This paper provides a detailed description of the experiment
and instrumentation, of the algorithms used to reduce the spectral
data and perform the inversions, and presents examples of key results
from the 1994 flight.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Solar Spectral Irradiance Measuremetns: Visible to
Near-Infrared Regions
Authors: Rottman, G.; Mount, G.; Lawrence, G.; Woods, T.; Harder,
J.; Tournois, S.
1998Metro..35..707R Altcode:
No abstract at ADS
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Satellite measurements of hydroxyl in the mesosphere
Authors: Conway, Robert R.; Stevens, Michael H.; Cardon, Joel G.;
Zasadil, Scott E.; Brown, Charles M.; Morrill, Jeff S.; Mount,
George H.
1996GeoRL..23.2093C Altcode:
The global distribution of hydroxyl (OH) in the middle atmosphere was
recently measured by the Middle Atmosphere High Resolution Spectrograph
Investigation (MAHRSI) on a satellite deployed and retrieved by the
space shuttle. During 75 orbits, MAHRSI acquired 1800 daytime limb scans
of the OH ultraviolet solar resonance fluorescence intensity. Each limb
scan extends over the altitude region from 30 to 90 km and across 10°
of latitude between 53°S and 63°N. OH number densities were retrieved
using a Twomey regularization scheme constrained by the smoothness
of the retrieved profile. Results provide a detailed description of
the diurnal variation of mesospheric OH. Midmorning OH densities had a
well defined peak of about 6 ×10<SUP>6</SUP> cm³ near 70 km, a broad
minimum centered near 64 km, and rose to about 1 × 10<SUP>7</SUP>
cm³ at 50 km. This profile is in substantial disagreement with
photochemical model predictions [Summers et al., this issue]. The
observations are compared with the two previous measurements.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Visible and near-ultraviolet spectroscopy at McMurdo Station,
Antarctica. VIII - Observations of nighttime NO2 and NO3 from April
to October 1991
Authors: Solomon, S.; Smith, J. P.; Sanders, R. W.; Perliski, L.;
Miller, H. L.; Mount, G. H.; Keys, J. G.; Schmeltekopf, A. L.
1993JGR....98..993S Altcode:
Lunar absorption spectra have been used to determine the vertical column
abundances of NO2 and NO3 above McMurdo Station, Antarctica, during
the fall, winter, and spring seasons in 1991. The observed nighttime
NO2 and NO3 amounts during the fall and spring were broadly consistent
with model predictions and with daytime measurements. During winter,
local photochemistry would imply a long polar night, with associated
gradual removal of NO2 and buildup of NO3 and N2O5. The winter
observations of both species differ from such simple predictions by
factors greater than 10, with the measured NO2 being far larger than
predicted, while the measured NO3 is much smaller than predicted. The
concurrent measurements of both NO2 and NO3 strongly constrain possible
solutions for these discrepancies and suggest that air parcel excursions
to sunlit, lower latitudes likely take place quite regularly throughout
the winter (approximately every 3-7 days).
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: An Intercomparison of Tropospheric OH Measurements at Fritz
Peak Observatory, Colorado
Authors: Mount, George H.; Eisele, Fred L.
1992Sci...256.1187M Altcode:
The hydroxyl radical (OH) controls the lifetimes and therefore
the concentrations of many important chemical species in Earth's
lower atmosphere including several greenhouse and ozone-depleting
species. Two completely different measurement techniques were used in an
informal intercomparison to determine tropospheric OH concentrations at
Fritz Peak Observatory, Colorado, from 15 July to 24 August 1991. One
technique determined OH concentrations by chemical analysis; the other
used spectroscopic absorption on a long path. The intercomparison
showed that ambient OH concentrations can now be measured with
sufficient sensitivity to provide a test for photochemical models,
with the derived OH concentrations agreeing well under both polluted
and clean atmospheric conditions. Concentrations of OH on all days
were significantly lower than model predictions, perhaps indicating the
presence of an unknown scavenger. The change in OH concentration from
early morning to noon on a clear day was found to be only a factor of 2.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Interference effects in reticon photodiode array detectors
Authors: Mount, George H.; Sanders, Ryan W.; Brault, James W.
1992ApOpt..31..851M Altcode:
A detector system incorporating the Reticon RL1024S photodiode array
has been constructed as part of a double spectrograph to be used to
study the earth's atmosphere from ground-based and aircraft-based
platforms. To determine accurately the abundances of atmospheric trace
gases, this new system must be able to measure spectral absorptions as
small as 0.02 percent. The detector exhibits superior signal-to-noise
characteristics at the light levels characteristic of scattered
skylights, but interference in the passivating layer causes problems
in achieving the required precision. The mechanism of the problems
and the solution implemented are described in detail.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: New spectroscopic instrumentation for measurement of
stratospheric trace species by remote sensing of scattered skylight
Authors: Mount, George H.; Jakoubek, R. O.; Sanders, R. W.; Harder,
J. W.; Solomon, S.; Winkler, R.; Thompson, T.; Harrop, W.
1991SPIE.1491..188M Altcode:
Instrumentation under construction and testing at the NOAA Aeronomy
Laboratory for conducting measurements of the zenith sky and the
moon in order to measure molecular abundances of trace gases in the
stratosphere at extremely low levels of absorption (less than 0.05
percent) is discussed. The instrumentation consists of a telescope (for
lunar observation at night or direct sun during the day), a light feed,
a spectrograph, an array detector, and a data analysis system. The
telescope design is a dual off-axis parabolic feed with polarizers,
depolarizers, image rotators, and other optical modifiers that can
be inserted at the feed focus to test their effect on the residual
spectrum. The spectrograph is a cast aluminum 3/8-m f/6 double crossed
Czerny-Turner system.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Long path differential absorption measurements of tropospheric
molecules
Authors: Harder, Jerald; Mount, George
1991SPIE.1491...33H Altcode:
The measurement of the important atmospheric molecules O3, NO2,
CH2O, H2O, NO3, and HONO can be measured using long path differential
absorption spectroscopy. The experiment is located at the Fritz Peak
Observatory, 17 km west of Boulder, Colorado. This site permits both
the measurement of clean continental air during times of westerly
air flow, as well as polluted urban air during easterly up-slope
episodes. The spectrograph used in this study is a low resolution double
crossed Czerny-Turner, with a well matched receiving telescope. This
spectrograph uses a 1 x 1024 element Reticon diode array detector to
measure the molecular absorption spectra of these molecules in 40 nm
bands in the near ultraviolet-visible region. The total optical path
for this experiment is 20.6 km, and the path is folded by a 121 element
retroreflector array thereby allowing the light source and spectrograph
to be in the same location. Deduction of atmospheric concentrations
these molecules over this path is accomplished by using a least squares
procedure that employs the method of singular-value decomposition.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Atmospheric NO3. II - Observations in polar regions
Authors: Solomon, S.; Sanders, R. W.; Mount, G. H.; Carroll, M. A.;
Jakoubek, R. O.
1989JGR....9416423S Altcode:
Stratospheric NO3 is expected to depend strongly upon two major factors:
solar illumination and temperature. This paper presents observations
in the polar regions that confirm the influence of both of these on
the NO3 column abundance. Measurements of the absorption of incoming
lunar radiation near 662 nm as the sun rises exhibit large changes
that apparently reflect the rapid photolysis of NO3. The increase in
upper stratospheric temperature that occurs in early spring in polar
regions should also affect the seasonal changes in stratospheric NO3
abundances. Observations of stratospheric NO3 at 76.5 deg N in early
February are contrasted with those obtained at 77.8 deg S in late
August and September. Large seasonal differences in stratospheric
temperatures between these two locations and times are shown to be in
excellent agreement with the observed NO3 column amounts, providing
further support for current understanding of the factors controlling
the stratospheric NO3 abundance and its variability. These findings
provide further evidence against a stratospheric 'scavenger' for NO3,
even in polar latitudes, where the scavenging effect was believed to
be most pronounced.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Remote sensing observations of nighttime OClO column during
the Airborne Antarctic Ozone Experiment, September 8, 1987
Authors: Wahner, A.; Jakoubek, R. O.; Mount, G. H.; Ravishankara,
A. R.; Schmeltekopf, A. L.
1989JGR....9411405W Altcode:
The daytime and nighttime slant column abundances of OClO were measured
by near-UV absorption spectroscopy between 64 and 76 deg S latitude
and 62 and 84 deg W longitude during the DC-8 flight on days 251 and
252 (UT) 1987 as a part of the Airborne Antarctic Ozone Experiment
(AAOE). Daytime and nighttime measurements used the scattered sunlight
and the moon as the light sources, respectively. The measured OClO
column abundance during the nighttime was found to be 10 times larger
than that measured during the day.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Observations of the Nighttime Abundance of OClO in the Winter
Stratosphere above Thule, Greenland
Authors: Solomon, S.; Mount, G. H.; Sanders, R. W.; Jakoubek, R. O.;
Schmeltekopf, A. L.
1988Sci...242..550S Altcode:
Observations at Thule, Greenland, that made use of direct light
from the moon on 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 February 1988 revealed nighttime
chlorine dioxide (OClO) abundances that were less than those obtained in
Antarctica by about a factor of 5, but that exceeded model predictions
based on homogeneous (gas-phase) photochemistry by about a factor of
10. The observed time scale for the formation of OClO after sunset
strongly supports the current understanding of the diurnal chemistry
of OClO. These data suggest that heterogeneous (surface) reactions
due to polar stratospheric clouds can occur in the Arctic, providing
a mechanism for possible Arctic ozone depletion.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Observations of Stratospheric NO<SUB>2</SUB> and O<SUB>3</SUB>
at Thule, Greenland
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Solomon, S.; Sanders, R. W.; Jakoubek, R. O.;
Schmeltekopf, A. L.
1988Sci...242..555M Altcode:
Scattered sunlight and direct light from the moon was used in
two wavelength ranges to measure the total column abundances
of stratospheric ozone (O<SUB>3</SUB>) and nitrogen dioxide
(NO<SUB>2</SUB>) at Thule, Greenland (76.5 degrees N), during the
period from 29 January to 16 February 1988. The observed O<SUB>3</SUB>
column varied between about 325 and 400 Dobson units, and the lower
values were observed when the center of the Arctic polar vortex was
closest to Thule. This gradient probably indicates that O<SUB>3</SUB>
levels decrease due to dynamical processes near the center of the
Arctic vortex and should be considered in attempts to derive trends
in O<SUB>3</SUB> levels. The observed NO<SUB>2</SUB> levels were also
lowest in the center of the Arctic vortex and were sometimes as low
as 5 × 10<SUP>14</SUP> molecules per square centimeter, which is
even less than comparable values measured during Antarctic spring,
suggesting that significant heterogeneous photochemistry takes place
during the Arctic winter as it does in the Antarctic.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Middle atmosphere high resolution spectrograph
Authors: Conway, R. R.; Prinz, D. K.; Mount, G. H.
1988SPIE..932...50C Altcode:
The U.S. Naval Research laboratory's middle atmosphere high-resolution
spectrograph (MAHRS), part of the Air Force Test Program's Spartan-282
shuttle payload, is described. The goals of the MAHRS experiment are
to determine the abundances of nitric oxide and hydroxyl radical in
the altitude range of 50-150 km and to measure the diurnal global
variation of these species. The MAHRS instrument was designed to
produce a flat image at the surface of a 15-mm high x 25-mm wide
microchannel-plate-intensified two-dimensional array detector with a
cesium telluride photocathode and a 0.025 mm spatial resolution.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Visible spectroscopy at McMurdo station, Antarctica. III -
Observations of NO3
Authors: Sanders, R. W.; Solomon, S.; Mount, G. H.; Schmeltekopf,
A. L.; Bates, M. W.
1987JGR....92.8339S Altcode:
The total column abundance of NO3 was measured in Antarctica during
the nights of Sept. 17-19, 1986, by visible absorption, using the
moon as the light source. The variation of the observed abundance with
lunar zenith angle suggests that the bulk of the layer is located in
the stratosphere. In agreement with theoretical model calculations,
the total column was about 2.0 x 10 to the 13th molecule/sq cm and
increased systematically with time during the night.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Solar absolute spectral irradiance 118-300 nm: July 25, 1983
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Rottman, G. J.
1985JGR....9013031M Altcode:
The full-disk solar absolute spectral irradiance in the spectral
range 118-300 nm was obtained from a rocket observation above White
Sands Missile Range, New Mexico, on July 25, 1983, halfway in time
between solar maximum and solar minimum. Comparison with measurements
made in May 1982 shows no changes within the absolute errors of the
experiment. Comparison with measurements made during solar maximum
in 1979 and 1980 indicates a large decrease in the absolute solar
irradiance at wavelengths below 190 nm. The absolute calibration of
the instruments for this flight was accomplished at the National Bureau
of Standards Synchrotron Radiation Facility.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Solar Mesosphere Explorer ultraviolet Spectrometer Measurements
of ozone in the 1.0-0.1 mbar region
Authors: Rusch, D. W.; Barth, C. A.; Thomas, R. J.; Callan, M. T.;
Mount, G. H.
1984JGR....8911677R Altcode:
The ozone density of the earth's mesosphere in the 1.0-0.1 mbar (48
to 70 km) region has been measured at sunlit latitudes for the period
from December 1981 until the present by an ultraviolet spectrometer
on the Solar Mesosphere Explorer satellite. Results for 1982 are
reported. The ozone mixing ratios are found to be highly variable in
time and place, with maxima occurring in the winter hemispheres. The
results show complex time variations at all pressure levels, with annual
and semiannual variations apparent at most pressures and latitudes. A
relative maximum occurs in July at the equator.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Measurements of stratospheric NO2 from the Solar Mesosphere
Explorer satellite. II - General morphology of observed NO2 and
derived (N2)O5
Authors: Solomon, S.; Mount, G. H.; Zawodny, J. M.
1984JGR....89.7317S Altcode:
Observations of NO<SUB>2</SUB> densities from 28 to 40 km as measured
by the Solar Mesosphere Explorer (SME) satellite are compared to model
calculations for the month of January. Low densities are obtained in
the tropics and in high latitude winter, with much larger values in the
summer middle and high latitude regions in both the observations and the
model. The reasons for areas of agreement and disagreement between the
model and the observations are explored. The observed NO<SUB>2</SUB>
distribution is also used to infer the N<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB>
distribution based on presently accepted chemistry and suggests that
very large amounts of N<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB> are present in high
latitude winter.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: The Solar Absolute Spectral Irradiance at 1216 Å and 1800-3173
Å: January 12, 1983
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Rottman, G. J.
1983JGR....88.6807M Altcode:
The full-disk solar spectral irradiance in the spectral range 1800-3173
Å and at Ly α was obtained from a rocket observation above White
Sands Missile Range, New Mexico, on January 12,1983. Comparison with
measurements made in May 1983 show no changes within the absolute
errors of the experiment. The absolute calibration of the instruments
for this flight was accomplished at the National Bureau of Standards
Synchrotron Radiation Facility.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: The solar absolute spectral irradiance 1150 - 3173 Å: May
17, 1982.
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Rottman, G. J.
1983JGR....88.5403M Altcode:
The full-disk solar spectral irradiance in the spectral range 1150-3173
A was obtained from a rocket observation above White Sands Missile
Range, NM, on May 17, 1982, half way in time between solar maximum and
solar minimum. Comparison with measurements made during solar maximum
in 1980 indicate a large decrease in the absolute solar irradiance
at wavelengths below 1900 A to approximately solar minimum values. No
change above 1900 A from solar maximum to this flight was observed to
within the errors of the measurements. Irradiance values lower than
the Broadfoot results in the 2100-2500 A spectral range are found,
but excellent agreement with Broadfoot between 2500 and 3173 A is
found. The absolute calibration of the instruments for this flight was
accomplished at the National Bureau of Standards Synchrotron Radiation
Facility which significantly improves calibration of solar measurements
made in this spectral region.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Ozone densities in the lower mesosphere measured by a limb
scanning ultraviolet spectrometer
Authors: Rusch, D. W.; Mount, G. H.; Barth, C. A.; Rottman, G. J.;
Thomas, R. J.; Thomas, G. E.; Sanders, R. W.; Lawrence, G. M.; Eckman,
R. S.
1983GeoRL..10..241R Altcode:
The ozone content of the earth's atmosphere between 1 mb and 0.08 mb has
been measured as a function of latitude and season by an ultraviolet
spectrometer on the Solar Mesosphere Explorer spacecraft. The ozone
mixing ratio is found to be highly variable in time and space during
the winter of 1982 with maxima occuring in the winter hemisphere during
January and February at all pressure levels. The latitude gradients
near spring equinox are relatively small. A relative maximum occurs
at latitudes between 15 and 30°S in January and February.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Ozone density distribution in the mesosphere (50-90 km)
measured by the SME limb scanning near infrared spectrometer
Authors: Thomas, R. J.; Barth, C. A.; Rottman, G. J.; Rusch, D. W.;
Mount, G. H.; Lawrence, G. M.; Sanders, R. W.; Thomas, G. E.; Clemens,
L. E.
1983GeoRL..10..245T Altcode:
The ozone densities between 50 and 90 km are deduced from 1.27 µm
airglow measured on the Solar Mesosphere Explorer satellite. The
derived densities agree well with those made simultaneously from
SME by the ultraviolet spectrometer. The data set extends from pole
to pole at about 3 pm, for most sunlit latitudes. At low altitudes,
in the mesosphere, there are larger variations in ozone density in
the winter latitudes than in the summer. Above the meso-pause the
day-to-day variation in ozone density is a factor of two at most
latitudes and times.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Temperature measurements in the Earth's stratosphere using
a limb scanning visible light spectrometer
Authors: Rusch, D. W.; Mount, G. H.; Zawodny, J. M.; Barth, C. A.;
Rottman, G. J.; Thomas, R. J.; Thomas, G. E.; Sanders, R. W.; Lawrence,
G. M.
1983GeoRL..10..261R Altcode:
The temperature of the earth's atmosphere between 40 and 50 km
is inferred from measurements of Rayleigh scattered sunlight by
a visible-light spectrometer on the Solar Mesosphere Explorer
spacecraft. The RMS deviation of the satellite measurements from
conventional rocket measurements is 5°K above 45 km and 2-3°K below
45 km. The satellite data are compared to model temperatures for
March, 1982.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Solar Mesosphere Explorer: Scientific objectives and results
Authors: Barth, C. A.; Rusch, D. W.; Thomas, R. J.; Mount, G. H.;
Rottman, G. J.; Thomas, G. E.; Sanders, R. W.; Lawrence, G. M.
1983GeoRL..10..237B Altcode:
Instruments on the Solar Mesosphere Explorer simultaneously measure
ozone density, temperature, and solar ultraviolet flux. Results
from six months of observations show that ozone density in the
mesosphere changes from day-to-day and with the seasons and that
the principal cause of these changes is the variation in atmospheric
temperature. The dependence between ozone density and temperature is
inverse, with a decrease in temperature producing an increase in ozone
density. This dependence is observable in the seasonal patterns and
also in orbit-to-orbit observations during dramatic atmosphere changes
such as stratospheric warmings.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Mesospheric ozone depletion during the Solar Proton Event of
July 13, 1982 Part I Measurement
Authors: Thomas, R. J.; Barth, C. A.; Rottman, G. J.; Rusch, D. W.;
Mount, G. H.; Lawrence, G. M.; Sanders, R. W.; Thomas, G. E.; Clemens,
L. E.
1983GeoRL..10..253T Altcode:
The near infrared spectrometer and the ultraviolet spectrometer on
the Solar Mesosphere Explorer (SME) observed the ozone density as
a function of latitude and altitude during the solar proton event
of July 13, 1982. Airglow at 1.27 µm was observed at the earth's
limb. The altitude profiles of the emission were inverted providing
ozone densities. The ozone densities observed showed a clear decrease
during the event. The maximum depletion seen was 70%. The decrease was
observed in the northern high latitudes at mesospheric altitudes. The
decrease was very short lived, lasting less than a day.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Measurements of NO<SUB>2</SUB> in the Earth's stratosphere
using a limb scanning visible light spectrometer
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Rusch, D. W.; Zawodny, J. M.; Noxon, J. F.;
Barth, C. A.; Rottman, G. J.; Thomas, R. J.; Thomas, G. E.; Sanders,
R. W.; Lawrence, G. M.
1983GeoRL..10..265M Altcode:
NO<SUB>2</SUB> densities determined from the limb scanning visible
light spectrometer on board the Solar Mesosphere Explorer spacecraft
are reported for winter 1981/82 in the altitude region 28-40 km. The
observational technique utilizes the photoabsorption by NO<SUB>2</SUB>
of Rayleigh scattered sunlight in the 440nm spectral region. The
NO<SUB>2</SUB> density varies from pole to pole and shows large
variations at high northern latitudes during the winter months which
are related to both the temperature and flow of air near 30 km.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Solar mesosphere Explorer measurements of the El Chichon
volcanic cloud
Authors: Barth, C. A.; Sanders, R. W.; Thomas, G. E.; Rottman, G. J.;
Rusch, D. W.; Thomas, R. J.; Mount, G. H.; Lawrence, G. M.; Zawodny,
J. M.; West, R. A.
1982BAMS...63.1314B Altcode: 1982AMSBu..63.1314B
After quenching from a temperature above 900°C the structure of
Kh20N73YuM alloy is supersaturated solid solution. Recrystallization
temperature for the alloy is 900°C, and alloy structure in relation to
melting method is characterized by a different volume recrystallized
matrix which is caused by the degree of prior deformation and metal
purity.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Solar spectral irradiance, 120 to 190nm, October 13, 1981 -
January 3, 1982
Authors: Rottman, G. J.; Barth, C. A.; Thomas, R. J.; Mount, G. H.;
Lawrence, G. M.; Rusch, D. W.; Sanders, R. W.; Thomas, G. E.;
London, J.
1982GeoRL...9..587R Altcode:
Beginning on October 13, 1981 a two channel spectrometer aboard the
Solar Mesosphere Explorer has been obtaining daily measurements of full
disc solar irradiance. These observations cover the spectral interval
120 to 305nm with ∽ .75nm spectral resolution. The relative accuracy
of the measurements from day to day over the first three solar rotations
is approximately 1%. In this report we present analyses of Lyman-alpha,
the integrated Schumann-Runge continuum (130-175nm), and the integrated
Schumann-Runge bands (175 to 190nm). All three show a clear variability
related primarily to the 27-day solar rotation period. Correlations
of these three values of solar irradiance to ground-based indices of
solar activity, 10.7cm flux and sunspot number, are presented.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: The solar spectral irradiance 1200-3184 Å near solar maximum:
July 15, 1980
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Rottman, G. J.
1981JGR....86.9193M Altcode:
Full-disk solar spectral irradiances near solar maximum were obtained
in the spectral range 1200-3184 Å at a spectral resolution of
approximately 1 Å from rocket observations above White Sands Missile
Range, New Mexico, on July 15, 1980. Comparison with measurements
made in 1979 and during solar minimum confirms a large increase at
solar maximum in the solar irradiance near 1200 Å with no change
within our measurement errors near 2000 Å. Irradiances in the range
1900-2100 Å are in excellent agreement with previous measurements,
and those in the 2100- to 2500-Å range are lower than the Broadfoot
results. We find agreement with previous values 2600-2900 Å and then
fall below those values 2900-3184 Å.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Multi-anode microchannel arrays.
Authors: Timothy, J. G.; Mount, G. H.; Bybee, R. L.
1981ITNS...28..689T Altcode:
No abstract at ADS
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: The solar spectral irradiance 1200-2550 Å at solar maximum
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Rottman, G. J.; Timothy, J. G.
1980JGR....85.4271M Altcode:
Full-disk solar solar spectral irradiances at solar maximum were
obtained in the spectral range 1200-2550 Å at a spectral resolution
of approximately 1 Å from rocket observations above White Sands,
New Mexico, on June 5, 1979. Comparison with measurements made near
solar minimum indicates approximately a factor of 2.5 increase in the
irradiance at 1200 Å, a 20% increase near 1800 Å, and no increase
within our measurement errors (+/-15%) above 2100 Å. Irradiances
in the range 1800-2100 Å are in excellent agreement with previous
measurements, but those in the 2100- to 2550-Å range are significantly
lower. The intensities of strong emission lines at wavelengths below
1850 Å are also reported.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: The solar spectral irradiance 1200-3184 a near solar maximum,
15 July 1980
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Rottman, G. J.
1980STIN...8132107M Altcode:
Full disk solar spectral irradiances near solar maximum were obtained
in the spectral range 1200 to 3184 A at a spectral resolution of
approximately 1 A from rocket observations above White Sands Missile
Range. Comparison with measurements made during solar minimum confirm
a large increase at solar maximum in the solar irradiance near 1200 A
with no change within the measurement errors near 2000 A. Irradiances
in the range 1900 to 2100 A are in excellent agreement with previous
measurements, and those in the 2100 to 2500 A range are lower than
separate previous results in this range. Agreement is found with
previous values 2500 to 2900 A A, and then fall below those values
2900 to 3184 A.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: The Multi-Anode Microchannel Array Detector System
Authors: Timothy, J.; Mount, G.; Bybee, R.
1980oits.conf..733T Altcode:
No abstract at ADS
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Scientific objectives of the Solar Mesosphere Explorer mission
Authors: Thomas, G. E.; Barth, C. A.; Hansen, E. R.; Hord, C. W.;
Lawrence, G. M.; Mount, G. H.; Rottman, G. J.; Rusch, D. W.; Stewart,
A. I.; Thomas, R. J.
1980PApGe.118..591T Altcode:
The paper describes the NASA Solar Mesosphere Explorer mission which
will study mesospheric ozone and the processes which form and destroy
it, measure the ozone density and its altitude distribution from 30 to
80 km, monitor incoming solar UV radiation, and provide a rigorous
test of the photochemical equilibrium theory of the mesospheric
oxygen-hydrogen system. Five instruments will be carried on the
polar-orbiting spacecraft: UV ozone, IR airglow, and visible NO2
programmable Ebert-Fastie spectrometers, a four-channel IR radiometer,
and a solar UV spectrometer. Atmospheric measurements will be made of
the mesospheric and stratospheric ozone density distribution, water
vapor density distribution, temperature profile, ozone photolysis rate,
and NO2 density distribution. In addition, the solar UV monitor will
measure both the 0.2-0.31 micron spectral region and the Lyman-alpha
(0.1216 micron) contribution to the solar irradiance.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Spatially Resolved Line Profiles of O III and He II in NGC-7662
and-7009 with the SPIFT-MAMA
Authors: Smith, W. H.; Timothy, G.; Mount, G.; Snow, T. B.
1979BAAS...11..626S Altcode:
No abstract at ADS
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Vacuum ultraviolet spectrophotometry and effective temperatures
of hot stars.
Authors: Brune, W. H.; Mount, G. H.; Feldman, P. D.
1979ApJ...227..884B Altcode:
Absolutely calibrated ultraviolet stellar spectra from 3100 A to the
hydrogen absorption edge at 912 A were obtained on 1977 February 17
by rocket observations above Woomera, Australia. Spectra taken at 15
A resolution have been compared with the observed fluxes from OAO 2
and with recent model-atmosphere fluxes of Kurucz for five hot stars:
Gamma (2) Vel, Zeta Pup, Alpha Eri, Beta Cen, and Alpha Vir. The
present data give fluxes which are generally lower than those obtained
from OAO 2, with the largest deviations of about 20% between 1400 and
1700 A. Agreement with the models is good, although the model fluxes
are substantially larger than the observed values below 1200 A. This
discrepancy is greater for the higher-temperature stars. Effective
temperatures are also determined and are in good agreement with
previous results.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: The Status of the Multi-Anode Microchannel Arrays (MAMA)
Detector Development Program
Authors: Gethyn, Timothy J.; Mount, George H.
1979SPIE..172..199G Altcode:
The Multi-anode Microchannel Arrays (MAMA's) are a family of
photoelectric photon-counting array detectors being developed for use
in instruments on both ground-based and space-borne telescopes. MAMA
detectors can be operated in a windowless configuration at
extreme-ultraviolet and soft x-ray wavelengths or in a sealed
configuration at ultraviolet and visible wavelengths. Prototype
MAMA detectors with up to 512 x 512 pixels are now being tested in
the laboratory and telescope operation of a simple (10 x 10)-pixel
visible-light detector has been initiated. In this paper the methods
of construction and the modes of operation of the MAMA detectors are
described and the status of the development program is reviewed.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Detector arrays for photometric measurements at soft X-ray,
ultraviolet and visible wavelengths
Authors: Timothy, J. G.; Mount, G. H.; Bybee, R. L.
1979SPIE..183..169T Altcode:
The construction and modes of operation of the Multi-Anode Microchannel
Array (MAMA) detectors are described, and the designs of spectrometers
utilizing them are outlined. MAMA consists of a curved microchannel
array plate, an opaque photocathode (peak quantum efficiency of 19%
at 1216 A), and a multi-anode (either discrete- or coincidence-anode)
readout array. Designed for use in instruments on spaceborne
telescopes, MAMA can be operated in a windowless configuration
in extreme-ultraviolet and soft X-ray wavelengths, or in a sealed
configuration at UV and visible wavelengths. Advantages of MAMA include
low applied potential (less than 3.0 kV), high gain (greater than 10
to the 6th electrons/pulse), low sensitivity to high-energy charged
particles, and immunity to external magnetic fields of less than
500 Gauss
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Multi-anode microchannel arrays
Authors: Timothy, J. G.; Mount, G. H.; Bybee, R. L.
1979SPIE..190..360T Altcode:
The Multi-Anode Microchannel Arrays (MAMA's) are a family of
photoelectric, photon-counting array detectors being developed for use
in instruments on both ground-based and space-borne telescopes. These
detectors combine high sensitivity and photometric stability with a
high-resolution imaging capability. MAMA detectors can be operated
in a windowless configuration at extreme-ultraviolet and soft X-ray
wavelengths or in a sealed configuration at ultraviolet and visible
wavelengths. Prototype MAMA detectors with up to 512 x 512 pixels
are now being tested in the laboratory and telescope operation of a
simple (10 x 10)-pixel visible-light detector has been initiated. The
construction and modes-of-operation of the MAMA detectors are briefly
described and performance data are presented.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Comprehensive analysis of gratings for ultraviolet space
instrumentation
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Fastie, W. G.
1978ApOpt..17.3108M Altcode:
Comprehensive measurements in the vacuum UV range of 1200-3000 A of
efficiency, polarization, and scattering of classically ruled and
photoresist gratings are reported. The results show that the art
of ruling gratings for vacuum UV use has reached a high level of
sophistication and that careful analysis of grating properties can
lead to useful improvement of the ruling art.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: A search for far-ultraviolet emission from Sirius B.
Authors: Brune, W. H.; Feldman, P. D.; Mount, G. H.
1978ApJ...225L..67B Altcode:
A rocket observation of Sirius in the far-UV region from 912 to 1240
A is reported. It is found that only a few counts were detected which
can possibly be attributed to the hydrogen-rich white dwarf Sirius
B. An upper limit of 2.0 by 10 to the -10th power erg/sq cm per sec/A
on the Sirius B flux in the range from 1000 to 1080 A is established
with 99.3% confidence. This upper limit is shown to constrain the
model-dependent effective temperature of Sirius B to be less than or
approximately 27,000 K. It is concluded that the observed X-ray flux
from Sirius cannot be emitted by the photosphere of Sirius B.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Photoabsorption cross sections of methane and ethane, 1380 -
1600 Å, at T = 295K and T = 200K.
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Moos, H. W.
1978ApJ...224L..35M Altcode:
Photoabsorption cross sections of methane and ethane have been
determined in the wavelength range from 1380 to 1600 A at room (295 K)
and dry-ice (200 K) temperatures. It is found that the room-temperature
ethane data are in excellent agreement with the older measurements of
Okabe and Becker (1963) rather than with more recent determinations
and that a small systematic blueshift occurs at the foot of the
molecular absorption edges of both gases as the gases are cooled from
room temperature to 200 K, a value close to the actual temperature of
the Jovian atmosphere. It is concluded that methane photoabsorption
will dominate until its cross section is about 0.01 that of ethane,
which occurs at about 1440 A, and that ethane should be the dominant
photoabsorber in the Jovian atmosphere in the region from above 1440
A to not farther than 1575 A.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Continuum Modeling of Ultraviolet Rocket Spectra (900-3100
Å Five Early-Type Stars.
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Brune, W. H.; Feldman, P. D.
1977BAAS....9..570M Altcode:
No abstract at ADS
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Photoabsorption cross section of methane from 1400 to 1850 Å.
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Warden, E. S.; Moos, H. W.
1977ApJ...214L..47M Altcode:
Photoabsorption cross sections of methane in the 1400-1850-A spectral
region have been measured. Cross sections at wavelengths greater
than 1475 A are approximately 200 times smaller than those currently
accepted. This has a significant effect on the interpretation of
spectral measurements of the Jovian planets in this wavelength region.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Compact far ultraviolet emission source with rich spectral
emission 1150-3100 &Aring
Authors: Mount, George H.; Yamasaki, G.; Fowler, Walter; Fastie,
William G.
1977ApOpt..16..591M Altcode:
The article describes a compact hollow Pt cathode emission source
for the far UV, developed for use as a high-resolution wavelength
standard in laboratory work or on spacecraft (specifically, the
NASA International UV Explorer - IUE). The source is small, rugged,
lightweight, spectrally rich, bright in the 1150-3200 A region, features
long service life, low operating voltage, and lower power drain, and
stably emits a large number of very sharp lines with a spectrum lending
itself to projection onto the focal plane of a spectrograph. The source
has successfully passed exacting environmental tests, and serves as a
transfer standard for absolute sensitivity calibration of spectrometric
instruments.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Moderate Resolution Ultraviolet Rocket Observations 912-3100
Å of Seven Early-Type Stars.
Authors: Brune, W. H.; Mount, G. H.; Feldman, P. D.
1977BAAS....9..366B Altcode:
No abstract at ADS
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: A new solar carbon abundance based on non-LTE CN molecular
spectra.
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Linsky, J. L.
1975ApJ...202L..51M Altcode:
A detailed non-LTE analysis of solar CN spectra strongly suggest a
revised carbon abundance for the sun. We recommend a value of log
carbon abundance = 8.35 plus or minus 0.15 which is significantly
lower than the presently accepted value of log carbon abundance =
8.55. This revision may have important consequences in astrophysics.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: A non-LTE analysis of the CN 3883 Å band head in the upper
photosphere of Arcturus.
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Ayres, T. R.; Linsky, J. L.
1975ApJ...200..383M Altcode:
A detailed non-LTE study of the CN(0,0) 3883 A band-head spectrum of
Arcturus (K2 iii) provides an accurate determination of the carbon,
nitrogen, and oxygen abundances in Arcturus. Non-LTE effects are
significant, and we find that the Ayres-Linsky model provides an
adequate fit to the observations for [C,N]* = 13[C,N]0 and [O]* =
0.60[0]o, or for [C,N,O]* = 16[C,N,O]0, but the latter abundances are
unlikely. The upper photospheric microturbulence is found to be 2.5
+ . Subject headings: abundances, stellar - atmospheres, stellar -
late-type stars - molecules - stars, individual (alpha Boo)
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: One- and Multi-Component Models of the Upper Photosphere Based
on Molecular Spectra. IV: Non-LTE Treatment of the CN Violet System
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Linsky, J. L.
1975SoPh...41...17M Altcode:
Non-LTE synthetic spectra derived from a detailed analysis of
the formation of the CN (0, 0) λ13883 Å spectrum are compared
with center-limb photoelectric spectra taken at Kitt Peak National
Observatory.1 Significant non-LTE effects are found and the Kurucz,
Altrock-Cannon, Mount-Linsky II, and HSRA models are compared. We
derive a solar carbon abundance of A<SUB>c</SUB>=8.30±0.10 for the
Mount-Linsky model and A<SUB>c</SUB>=8.40±0.10 for the Altrock-Cannon
model, compared to the HSRA value of A<SUB>c</SUB>=8.55±0.10, assuming
a nitrogen abundance of logA<SUB>N</SUB>=7.93. In addition we specify
the regions of formation for the CN(0, 0) 3883.35 Å bandhead at disc
center and limb.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Models of the upper photospheres of the Sun and Arcturus
based on molecular spectra
Authors: Mount, George Henry
1975PhDT.......265M Altcode:
No abstract at ADS
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Models of the Upper Photospheres of the Sun and Arcturus
Based on Molecular Spectra.
Authors: Mount, G. H.
1975PhDT.........5M Altcode:
Accurate photoelectric center limb spectra of the solar CN and CH
molecules and CN spectroheliograms were obtained. These observations,
together with observations of the solar CO fourth positive EUV system
and the Griffin Arcturus Atlas, were compared with theoretical LTE
and non-LTE spectra of CN, CH, and CO in the Sun and CN in Arcturus
(K2 III). The molecular line source functions deviate significantly in
all cases from the Planck function, and thus it was found that non-LTE
effects are critical in interpreting molecular spectra in the Sun and
Arcturus. Data also show that the solar photospheric model based on CN,
CH, and CO spectra gives better agreement with observation. Both LTE
and non-LTE CN and CH analyses demonstrate that the presently assumed
value of the solar carbon abundance must be significantly reduced.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Non-LTE Models of the Upper Solar Photosphere Based on CN
Molecular Spectra
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Linsky, J. L.
1974BAAS....6Q.347M Altcode:
No abstract at ADS
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: One- and Multi-Component Models of the Upper Photosphere Based
on Molecular Spectra. III: CH (0, 0) λ 3144 of the CH C-X System
Authors: Mount, George H.; Linsky, Jeffrey L.
1974SoPh...36..287M Altcode:
We have obtained accurate center-to-limb photoelectric spectra of
the CH (0, 0) C-X bandhead region λ3143-3148 Å at Kitt Peak National
Observatory. From these spectra and a detailed analysis of the formation
of the CH (0, 0) spectrum we demonstrate that the best-fit upper
photospheric model derived from our previous analyses of CN (0, 0)
and CN (1, 1) spectra adequately explains the CH C-X observations. In
addition we derive a solar carbon abundance of ±0.20 compared to the
HSRA value of log A<SUB>c</SUB> = 8.55. This confirms our previous
CN analyses which demonstrated that if the HSRA nitrogen abundance of
log A<SUB>N</SUB> = 7.93 ± 0.10 is assumed, then log A<SUB>c</SUB> =
8.20 ± 0.10. We also specify the regions of formation for the CH(0,
0) λ3143.47 Å band-head at disc center and limb.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: One- and Multi-Component Models of the Upper Photosphere
Based on Molecular Spectra. II: CN (1, 1) of the CN Violet System
Authors: Mount, George H.; Linsky, Jeffrey L.
1974SoPh...35..259M Altcode:
We have obtained center-to-limb photoelectric spectra of the CN(1,1) B-X
bandhead region λ3868-3872 Å at Kitt Peak National Observatory. From
these spectra and a detailed analysis of the formation of the CN (1,
1) spectrum we derive a best-fit upper photospheric model differing
from the HSRA which is consistent with our previous CN(0, 0) λ3883
spectra. We derive a solar carbon abundance of log A<SUB>c</SUB> =
8.30 ± 0.10 compared to the HSRA value of log A<SUB>c</SUB> = 8.55
± 0.10. In addition we specify the regions of formation for the CN(0,
0) λ3883.35 and CN(1, 1) λ 3871.38 bandheads at disc center and limb.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: Models of the Upper Solar Photosphere Based on CN and CH
Molecular Spectra.
Authors: Mount, G. H.; Linsky, J. L.
1973BAAS....5..444M Altcode:
No abstract at ADS
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: One- and Multi-Component Models of the Upper Photosphere
Based on Molecular Spectra. I: The Violet System of CN(0,0)
Authors: Mount, George H.; Linsky, Jeffrey L.; Shine, Richard A.
1973SoPh...32...13M Altcode:
Spectroheliograms taken in the CN(0, 0) violet band near λ 3883
Å show very small scale network and cell structures with high
contrast. The bandhead itself, which is a broad feature due to
overlap of several CN lines, allows the diagnostic simplicity of a
continuum since motions, magnetic fields, and broadening mechanisms
are unimportant. We have obtained spectroheliograms in the bandhead
and center-to-limb photoelectric spectra of CN(0, 0) at Kitt Peak
National Observatory. From the photoelectric spectra and a detailed
analysis of the formation of the CN(0, 0) spectrum we derive a best-fit
one-component upper photospheric model differing from that of the
HSRA and recommend a change in solar carbon abundance from the HSRA
value of logA<SUB>c</SUB> = 8.55 to logA<SUB>c</SUB> = 8.25. From the
calibrated spectroheliograms we consider a multi-component model to
account for the observed fine structure intensity variations.
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: One- and Multi-Component Models of the Upper Photosphere
based on the 3883 Å Band Head of CN
Authors: Mount, George H.; Linsky, Jeffrey L.
1973BAAS....5V.277M Altcode:
No abstract at ADS
---------------------------------------------------------
Title: On the validity of a generalized Kirchhoff's law for a
nonisothermal scattering and absorptive medium
Authors: Linsky, Jeffrey L.; Mount, George H.
1972Icar...17..193L Altcode:
The relationship of directional hemispherical reflectivity to emissivity
is investigated for a nonisothermal medium with isotropic coherent
scattering and absorption. Departures from a generalized Kirchhoff's
Law occur due to the long range nature of the scattering process. Such
departures occur in lunar thermal emission at microwave but not at
infrared frequencies.